The study recommends that universities develop sustainable infrastructure, train their staff, and establish a dedicated sustainability office to address sustainability concerns. read more The study further advocates for future researchers to pursue longitudinal studies, employing a decomposed Theory of Planned Behavior framework.
This study examined the influence of nanoparticles, mass fraction, and temperature on the conductive heat transfer coefficient of a Graphene nanosheets-Tungsten oxide/Liquid paraffin 107160 hybrid nanofluid. Four different mass fractions, varying from 0.05% to 5%, were utilized across multiple examinations for this specific purpose. The thermal conductivity coefficient of graphene nanosheets-tungsten oxide nanomaterials in the base fluid increased as the mass fraction percentage and temperature increased, as the results demonstrated. Then, the thermal conductivity coefficient was modeled using a feed-forward artificial neural network. Generally, an augmented temperature and nanofluid concentration often result in a corresponding rise in thermal conductivity. Under experimental conditions, the optimum thermal conductivity reading occurred at a 5% volume fraction and a temperature of 70 degrees Celsius. The thermal conductivity coefficient of the Graphene nanosheets- Tungsten oxide/Liquid paraffin 107160 nanofluid, as a function of mass fraction and temperature, was modeled with an accuracy of less than 3%, compared to experimental data.
The global health concern COVID-19 has had repercussions in every segment of the economic system. Closures in multiple countries inflicted significant damage on the fishing and aquaculture industries. The typical processes for monitoring inventory, controlling production, and securing supplies were disrupted. The cancellation of research programs, encompassing fieldwork, sampling, and tagging, has a bearing on the data critical for management decisions. A critical component of effective species management is the evaluation of fish dispersion patterns. The process of accessing sampling sites is frequently fraught with difficulty, and the resulting expenses often hinder the compilation of complete information concerning the distribution and abundance of organisms. Monitoring fish populations became more problematic due to the widespread COVID-19 restrictions in place. Due to persistent and unrelenting pressure on its population, the stone lapping minnow (Garra cambodgiensis), a heavily overfished fish in Thailand, is experiencing a rapid decline. Consequently, eDNA monitoring was crafted and used to observe the projected dispersion of the species throughout Thailand in the period preceding and succeeding the lockdown. Throughout the Chao Phraya River Basin, water samples were gathered from 28 distinct sites. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis was employed to ascertain the presence or absence of *G. cambodgiensis* in water samples. A considerable variation in the computed copy numbers of G. cambodgiensis eDNA was apparent in 78 of 252 water samples examined. A significant increase in G. cambodgiensis eDNA concentration was observed in samples gathered in 2021, post-lockdown, when compared to those collected in 2018 and 2019, pre-lockdown. The closure, appearing advantageous, is likely to produce a sizable replenishment of our studied fish. In summary, eDNA-based approaches to surveying demonstrate high promise.
In order to assess the production procedures and microbiological characteristics of butter crafted in the North Shoa Zone of Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia, a study was undertaken. The study's findings indicated that the educational attainment of households within the study area comprised 533% of the population with no formal education, 339% enrolled in elementary school, and 128% in high school. Dairy farmers in the study region, comprising 767% of the total, are observed dipping their fingers into the milk during the process of milking. Butter was transported to the market using packaging methods: plant leaves (306%), plastic sheets (111%), or a combined approach using both plant and plastic layers (583%). The unfortunate reality is that nearly 122 percent of the farming population does not practice water treatment. Subterranean water chlorination procedures encompass 829% of the studied geographical area. For the survey, 180 respondents from six carefully chosen kebeles in Wachale district were chosen at random. To achieve analysis, 34 butter samples were collected and evaluated; these included 30 samples from three separate open-air markets (each market provided a set of ten samples), two samples procured from cooperatives, and two samples created in a laboratory environment. Aerobic mesophilic bacterial counts in butter samples from Muke Turi were markedly higher (648 log cfu/g) than in those from Wabari (636 log cfu/g), a difference that was statistically significant (P<0.05). skin biopsy The laboratory-made butter showed a decrease in coliform count, statistically significant (P < 0.05), with a value of 296 log CFU/g, compared to other samples. Butter samples from Muke Turi exhibited a markedly higher Escherichia coli count (346 log cfu/g) than those from Wabari (329 log cfu/g), as determined by statistical significance (P < 0.05). A statistically significant (P < 0.05) increase in Staphylococcus aureus was observed in Gimbichu butter samples, with a count of 546 log CFU/g. The prevalence of Listeria monocytogenes was markedly higher in Gimbichu butter (P < 0.05), while no colonies of this bacteria were detected in the cooperative and prototype butter samples. There's a significantly higher (P < 0.005) rating for the color and aroma of laboratory-produced butter compared to that from the open market. Microbial characteristics of butter from the three open markets, with the exception of Gimbichu, were below par. The prototype butter's microbial quality demonstrated a level of compliance with the standard, hinting at potential for progress.
Traditionally fermented pickles, a renowned street food in Bangladesh, are favored for their distinctive tastes and health advantages. Pickles are a food often prepared through fermentation, utilizing lactic acid bacteria (LAB) for their probiotic properties. The study investigated the isolation and characterization of lactic acid bacteria from pickle samples collected from Dhaka city streets, and further evaluated the microbial quality of these pickles for ensuring food safety. Pickles of varying types, amounting to thirty specimens, were collected from the streets of Dhaka. Isolation and identification were approached via conventional cultural and biochemical methods, subsequently corroborated by molecular confirmation of identity. An examination of the antibiotic susceptibility of the isolates was performed using seven antibiotics from various groups. The antimicrobial effect of LAB isolates was scrutinized by employing well-diffusion and phenotypic enterocin activity assays. The physiological adaptability of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) was evaluated by examining their tolerance to temperature variations, salt concentrations, pH ranges, bile salts, carbohydrate fermentation profiles, proteolytic enzyme activity, and biofilm formation. Bioinformatic analyse A total of fifty isolates were retrieved from pickle samples; eighteen percent of these isolates were determined to be lactic acid bacteria (LAB), including six isolates of Enterococcus faecalis and three isolates of Enterococcus faecium. Among the remaining isolates, Staphylococcus aureus was found in 18 instances, Escherichia coli in 11, and Klebsiella species. In the microbial analysis, Salmonella was identified 5 times, Shigella 3 times, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa just 1 time, making them the dominant bacterial pathogens. A greater proportion of non-LAB isolates showed resistance to azithromycin, compared to the absence of antibiotic resistance in all LAB isolates, as revealed by the antibiotic resistance pattern. No antimicrobial effect was seen from the LAB isolates tested on the foodborne bacteria. All laboratory isolates exhibited the ability to ferment a broad spectrum of carbohydrates, demonstrating satisfactory tolerance to variations in salt concentration, pH levels, temperature fluctuations, and bile components. Of the nine isolates tested, five showcased proteolytic activity, and six were classified as strong biofilm formers. Street pickles from Dhaka, when analyzed for LAB isolates, show no antimicrobial activity, but their potential as probiotics might be significant. The prevalence of antibiotic-resistant foodborne pathogens in pickles is substantial, raising concerns about the potential health hazards of consuming such street food.
The widespread distribution of L. (TT), a common Chinese herb, encompasses many regions within China. In the Shen-Nong-Ben-Cao-Jing, the initial documentation of TT's use in treating breast cancer appears. Nevertheless, the pharmaceutical effects of TT extract on liver cancer have not yet been documented. The study delves into the compound's ability to combat liver cancer and the mechanistic underpinnings.
Pharmacological data from Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP) and PharmMapper databases were utilized to identify the active components and corresponding targets of TT. The Genecards database was instrumental in the identification of TT targets within liver cancer cases. Analysis of the relationship between TT and liver cancer was conducted using the software packages Venny 21, Cytoscape 38.2, and DAVID 68.
To establish an animal model of liver cancer, H22 cells were injected into Balb/c mice. For a period of ten days, mice were administered intragastric drugs daily, five days after the commencement of the study. Observations of body weight, tumor size, and tumor weight were made and recorded. A calculation was performed to ascertain the tumor's inhibitory rate. Protein level quantification was achieved through the Western blotting procedure. HE and Tunel staining were used to evaluate the pathological alterations in liver cancer tissues.
LC-MS techniques were utilized to distinguish the varying metabolites present in the model and TTM groups.
From the study of TT, 12 active components were identified, along with their 127 targets. This research also revealed 17,378 targets for liver cancer and 125 intersecting genes.